Cold climate performance evaluation of residential heating systems including electric and gas heat pumps. Findings indicate that energy savings, costs, and greenhouse gas reductions can be at odds. In Illinois, gas heat pumps are the most efficient, lowest operating cost, and lowest emission option.

This report was prepared to inform policy discussions on future pathways for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from residential space heating. Key findings indicate that switching from gas to electric heating in Illinois can lead to higher annual energy bills and increase greenhouse gas emissions.

The performance and market potential of high-efficiency packaged furnace/air conditioner units were evaluated in a multifamily setting. A key challenge observed was freezing of the condensate drain lines. The technology maintained occupant comfort and reduced utility bills, but condensate management is an issue for broad market adoption.

Performance comparison of venturi traps and mechanical traps across a range of operating conditions. Venturis have no moving parts, leading to greater reliability, longer lifespans and less steam loss. Findings indicate that venturi traps are a viable alternative for utility energy efficiency programs that warrant further real-world testing.

Results show that venturi steam traps are ideal for systems with small condensate load swings, commonly found in industrial and large commercial buildings. The study established a lifespan of 20 years for venturis, significantly longer than that of mechanical traps, and confirmed their significantly lower annual failure rate (1% or less).

Evaluation of performance, savings and user experience of ozone laundry systems. These systems clean best in cold water with no detergent. The study found that ozone systems reduce energy bills and save users additional money by allowing them to wash without detergent. The primary challenge was system reliability across manufacturers.